Prof. Mintzberg found the strategy practice studies of the 1980s, the concept of strategy, five different meanings (plan, pattern, position, perspective, ploy). The general importance of the organization's deliberate plan future activities. Strategic leadership bidvest food often refers bidvest food to the concentration of the organization's external affairs, such as the focus on customers and competitive position. Operational management, in turn, focuses more on the daily and domestic affairs.
The strategy is known to be originally warfare and military leadership related term. In the business world, bidvest food the term began to be used widely until the mid-1900s after. In the 1960s were generally long-term planning, and before bidvest food that talked about financial planning. In the 1970s became common in strategic planning and in the 1980s began to talk about strategic management.
In today's corporate strategy discussion will be held in initiating Alfred Chandler in the 1960s, after publication of his American business history research, "Strategy and Structure" in 1962.
The famous strategic management process, bidvest food internal strengths, weaknesses and external opportunities and threats to distinguish a SWOT analysis of the developer is named after Albert Humphrey. Nominated have also been held by Kenneth Andrews (1960, ie before his work The Concept bidvest food of Corporate Strategy yrs., 1971). In another preferred method, PESTE-analysis assessed the political, economic, social, technological, and ecological factors in the organization's environment.
Igor Ansoff presented their views on the wide popularity of an Ansoffin window to (the work of Corporate Strategy 1965), bidvest food which allows the guidance were: to strengthen, expand, develop or differentiate. bidvest food Boston Consulting Group developed market shares and growth potential of the BCG analysis or Boston matrix bidvest food is 1970 (stars, cats / question marks, cash cows, dogs). Star's high market share and growth is still expected. Dairy cows must still make profits, but the growth is not expected. Question marks shall bear the risks. Dog's market bidvest food share is declining.
From a competition perspective, the competitive position and the content of a strategy began to emphasize strongly in the 1980s, the best known and most influential bidvest food example of prof. And Michael Porter's Five Forces Analysis. Five forces model (the book "Competitive Strategy" v., 1980) affect bidvest food the competitive situation in the current competition, the existing power of suppliers, power of buyers, potential new entrants (the ease of entry into the industry), and the threat of substitute bidvest food products. Competitive advantage through profitable strategy selected three general trend on the basis of either cost leadership (cost leadership), or differentiation (differentitation) or those narrower segmentation, the focus on a specific aspect (cost / differentitation focus).
Porter's five forces model of its researchers and consultants as a major source of inspiration (Mintzberg et al., P. 82). The 1980s, publications, training and consulting bidvest food quantities strategy on were already so extensive that Mintzberg bidvest food et al. speak outright "industrial strategy" has arisen.
Kaplan and Norton's balanced bidvest food scorecard analysis tool (Balanced Scorecard) bidvest food was originally the 1990s (HBR article 1992). bidvest food The model was combined with the organization's current activities of the long-term objectives. In the original model, the objectives set and the assessments were made from four perspectives: first, the economic aspect, in addition to customer satisfaction and internal processes as well as the fourth innovation and development. Kaplan & Norton 1992: "What you measure is what you get"
In the 1990s attention has focused particularly on intellectual capital, knowledge and networks. The 2000s, the globalization of the planning for the future has proven to be increasingly difficult. The strategy attention is increasingly focused on interaction, diversity, element of surprise.
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